What Is Native American Heritage Month?
The origins of Native American Heritage month date back over a century, involving many different confederations of tribes, non-Native proponents, and several name changes over the years.
The first efforts to mark a national day of the American Indian began with Dr. Arthur Caswell Parker, a Cattaraugus Seneca, who was an anthropologist and historian in the early 1900s. Dr. Parker was the director of the Rochester Museum, the first Native Commissioner of Indian Affairs for the Dept. of the Interior, and the first president of the Society for American Archaeology.
He did much to rally tribal nations together, creating a number of Native organizations. Dr. Parker convinced the Boy Scouts of America to set aside a First Americans day, which was honored from 1912-1915.
Another Indian rights advocate—a Rev. Red Fox James (or Red Fox Skiukusha) rode nearly 4,000 miles on horseback to convince President Coolidge to mark a national day for Native Americans. He then proceeded state-to-state garnering governors’ endorsements. James would present 24 signatures to the President in 1915.
These efforts and many more finally culminated in the Native American Heritage Month we know today when in 1991, President H.W. Bush adopted it as an annual observance each November.
Native American Heritage Month exists to honor Native American tribes, Alaska Native, Native Hawaiian, and other island nations for their rich cultures, artistic traditions, and many contributions to our country.
As it’s held in November alongside days like Veteran’s Day, it’s also a time of reverence for the sacrifices of all who served, but notably veterans from Native communities. Countless tribal members made the ultimate sacrifices for the United States all while fighting personal battles to preserve their cultures at home.
While this annual holiday is a small gesture we as a nation can make, celebrating the rich histories and strengths of these diverse cultures is one step closer to fostering the shared understanding and respect that leads to healthy, thriving communities.
Sources:
https://www.bia.gov/NNAHM
